THE GLACIER

 What is glacier 

Glaciers are the huge mass of enduring ice that originates on land and moves slowly over the land. The term "Glacier "is taken from the french word "glace (glah- SAY )" ,which means ice. Do you know Glaciers ice today stores about three-fourths of all fresh water in the world. Glaciers are formed due the huge amount of accumulation of snow and ice. Glaciers fall into three groups : Alpine Glacier, ice sheets , and piedmont glacier. Glaciers are often called " river of ice ".

Formation of glacier 

Glaciers originates on land form and that landform is known as "cirque" ( a half open filled with sided hollow at the head of a valley, formed by glacial erosion) . The precipitate snow is dense by the weight of the snow falling above it , forming 'nerve' ( raw glacier ice ). Further crushing of dense snow turns into "glacial ice " . The glacial ice will fill the cirque until it "overflows" through a geological vacancy , suchas gap between two mountains.  These glacial ice begins to move by a collection of surface slope . On stepper slopes , this can occur with as little as (soft ) of snow ice .

Classification of glaciers 

Glaciers are mainly classified in three groups:

1. Ice sheets: glaciers that extend in continuous sheet , moving outward in all directions.  Ex : greenland .

2. Alpine glacier : These types of glaciers are formed in mountain sides and move downward through valley .

3. Piedmont glacier: These type of glacier spread out on level ground or on the ocean at the foot of glaciated region.  This type of glaciers are not independent. 

How glaciers burst 

The cause of glacier burst is not even completely understood. The fluctuation of glaciers is caused by some change in climate,  heat received from sun , fluctuations in the earth's orbit , global warming and so many factors by which glaciers burst . From my opinion,  global warming is one of the important factor which helps to glacier burst. When heat directs from the sun to the glacier , it starts slowly melting due to the melting of ice the layer of glacier starts deforming . And when the ice or snow converted into liquid  forms a river like as "Ganga river " which comes from "Gangotri  glaciers ". But when glaciers burst the people who live near the glacial region are mostly affected even they dipped under the land. 

Uttarakhand glacier burst 

 In Uttarakhand 7 feb, 2021 chamoli district a portion of Nanda devi   glacier broke  is believed to have fallen into a river,  triggering a huge flood in northern India 150 people missing. 

Most of the missing was workers from two hydroplants.The rescue effort is focused in several sites including a tunnel more than 200 metres. The floodwaters burst open a dam and huge amount of water poured through a valley in the state of Uttarakhand.